BackgroundThe RESOLUTE-DIABETES CHINA study was specifically designed to investigate the safety and efficacy of Resolute zotarolimus-eluting stents (ZES; Medtronic, Santa Rosa, CA, USA) in the treatment of diabetic coronary lesions in the Chinese population. MethodsIn all, 945 patients with de novo native coronary lesions and type 2 diabetes mellitus were recruited at 32 cardiac centers across the Chinese mainland and were implanted with Resolute ZES. The primary endpoint was target vessel failure (TVF); secondary endpoints were clinical outcomes, namely all-cause death, stroke, bleeding, target lesion revascularization (TLR), target vessel revascularization (TVR), non-TVR, and stent thrombosis (ST). The follow-up period for all endpoints was 12months after the procedure. ResultsIn all, 933 patients (98.73%) had clinical follow-up at 12months. The rate of TVF was 11.60%, whereas the rate of occurrence of secondary endpoints was 5.47%, with four patients (0.43%) having subacute or late ST. There were no significant differences in TVF rates comparing patients with different HbA1c levels or receiving different glucose control treatments (all P>0.05). Patients with multivessel lesions had higher TVF rates (95% confidence intervals) than those with single-vessel lesions (16.76% [12.10%-22.97%) vs 9.72% [7.79%-12.11%], respectively; P= 0.006). There were no significant differences in TVF rates in patients with or without small vessels, bifurcated lesions, or chronic total occlusions (all P>0.05). [Correction added on 17 January 2019, after first online publication: in the second sentence of Results section, TLF was changed to TVF.]. ConclusionsResolute ZES may perform well in the Chinese diabetic population, especially in those with poor glucose control, complex lesions, and certain unfavorable clinical features. Further studies are needed to determine why ZES perform well in this population.