Objective: To evaluate the feasibility and efficacy of preoperative hyperselective transarterial embolization in carotid body tumor resection. Methods: Retrospectively analyze the clinical feature, imaging examination, treatment strategy and prognosis of 29 carotid body tumor patients from January 2006 to January 2016. According to whether to carry out the preoperative transarterial embolization, the patients were classified into embolization group and non-embolization group. The blood loss, operative time and perioperative complications were compared between the 2 groups. Results: 29 carotid body tumors were resected. The median of blood loss was 80 mL in embolization group and 200 mL in non-embolization group, the difference was statistically significant (P = 0.001). The median of operative time was 120 min in embolization group and 160 min in non-embolization group, the difference was statistically significant (P = 0.006). No death, paralysis or ectopic embolism occurred in the study population. 4 patients in embolization group and 4 in non-embolization group suffered from cranial nerve injury. Conclusion: Surgical resection of carotid body tumor is safe and reliable, which is the first choice in the treatment of carotid body tumor. Preoperative transaterial hyperselective embolization can significantly reduce blood loss and shorten operative time, but it dose not decrease the incidence of cranial never injury.