The primary objective of this study was to investigate whether the efficacy and safety of oral and intravenous voriconazole were comparable in different populations, including adults, children and patients with kidney or hepatic impairment. Two independent reviewers searched Medline, Embase, and Cochrane databases, three Chinese literature databases and one clinical trial registry platform. The inclusion criteria were the studies that evaluated fungal infections-related mortality, treatment success, renal, hepatic, neurologic dysfunction, visual disturbance incidence, steady-state trough concentration or attainment rate of target concentration between oral and intravenous voriconazole with label recommended dose. Two prospective and five retrospective cohort studies were included in this study. Results suggest higher success rate of anti-fungal therapy (RR = 0.66, 95% CI 0.47-0.92, P = 0.01) and lower steady-state trough concentration (MD = 1.17, 95% CI 0.28-2.06, P = 0.01) in oral group for adults. Renal dysfunction incidence was found increase in intravenous group for adults, but with no significant difference (RR = 2.25, 95% CI 0.30-16.71, P = 0.43). There were limited studies included for children, and steady-state trough concentration was found not significantly different between two formulations (MD = 0.15, 95% CI -0.66-0.95, P = 0.72). No eligible literature was found for the patients with renal or hepatic dysfunction. This meta-analysis highlights the need for high-quality studies to confirm and update the findings.