OBJECTIVE: To explore the relationships between different lifestyle-behavioral factors and phlegm-wetness type of Traditional Chinese Medicine constitution, so as to provide health management strategies for phlegm-wetness constitution. METHODS: A case-control study was conducted with the cases selected from the database of Chinese constitution survey in 9 provinces or municipalities of China. 1380 cases met the diagnostic cri-teria of phlegm-wetness type were taken as the case group, and 1380 cases were randomly selected from gentleness type as the control group. Using Chi-square test to compare the differences of lifestyle-behavior composition in each group; single factor and multiple logistic regression analysis were used to compare the relationships of lifestyle-behavioral factors and phlegm-wetness type. RESULTS: There were statistically significant differences between phlegm-wetness type group and gentleness type group in lifestyle behaviors (dietary habits, tobacco and liquor consumptions, exercise habits, sleeping habits). The results of single factor logistic regression analysis demonstrated that the risk of phlegm-wetness constitution decreased significantly in light diet (odds ratio, OR=0.68); The risk factors of phlegm-wetness type were fatty food intake (OR=2.36), sleeping early and getting up late (OR=1.87), tobacco smoking (OR=1.83), barbecued food intake (OR=1.68), alcohol drinking (OR=1.63), salty food intake (OR=1.44), sleeping erratically (OR=1.43), less physical activities (OR=1.42), sweet food intake (OR=1.29), sleeping and getting up late (OR=1.26), and pungent food intake (OR=1.21), respectively. Regardless of the interaction among lifestyle-behavioral factors, the results of the multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that the risk factors of phlegm-wetness type were sleeping early and getting up late (OR=1.94), fatty food intake (OR=1.80), tobacco smoking (OR=1.50), sleeping erratically (OR=1.50), barbecued food intake (OR=1.40), sleeping and getting up late (OR=1.40), less physical activities (OR=1.31), sleeping late and getting up early (OR=1.27), and sweet food intake (OR=1.27), respectively, and the risk of phlegm-wetness type still decreased significantly in light food intake (OR=0.79). CONCLUSION: Light diet can decrease the risk of being phlegm-wetness constitution, and bad lifestyle behaviors such as sleeping early and getting up late, sleeping erratically, fatty food, barbecued food or sweet food intake, tobacco and liquor consumptions, and less physical activities can,increase the risks of becoming phlegm-wetness constitution. (C) 2014 JTCM. All rights reserved.