BACKGROUND Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS), splenectomy plus esophagogastric devascularization (SED) and endoscopic therapy + non-selective beta-blockers (ET + NSBB) are widely applied in secondary prevention of recurrent gastroesophageal variceal bleeding in patients with liver cirrhosis. These different treatments, however, have not been compared in patients with idiopathic non-cirrhotic portal hypertension (INCPH). AIM To compare the outcomes of TIPS, SED and ET + NSBB in the control of variceal rebleeding in patients with INCPH. METHODS This retrospective study recruited patients from six centers across China. Demographic characteristics, baseline profiles and follow-up clinical outcomes were collected. Post-procedural clinical outcomes, including incidence of rebleeding, hepatic encephalopathy (HE), portal vein thrombosis (PVT) and mortality rates, were compared in the different groups. RESULTS In total, 81 patients were recruited, with 28 receiving TIPS, 26 SED, and 27 ET + NSBB. No significant differences in demographic and baseline characteristics were found among these three groups before the procedures. After treatment, blood ammonia was significantly higher in the TIPS group; hemoglobin level and platelet count were significantly higher in the SED group (P< 0.01). Rebleeding rate was significantly higher in the ET + NSBB group (P< 0.01). Mortality was 3.6%, 3.8% and 14.8% in the TIPS, SED and ET + NSBB groups, respectively, with no significant differences (P= 0.082). Logistic regression analysis showed that mortality was significantly correlated with rebleeding, HE, portal thrombosis and superior mesenteric vein thrombosis (P< 0.05). CONCLUSION In patients with INCPH, TIPS and SED were more effective in controlling rebleeding than ET + NSBB, but survival rates were not significantly different among the three groups. Mortality was significantly correlated with rebleeding, HE and PVT.