Objective This study aimed to identify the risk factors for death in patients with sepsis-related myocardial injury. Methods A retrospective study was conducted in 158 patients with sepsis-related myocardial injury in a mixed medical intensive care unit from January 2009 to March 2020. The patients were divided into those who survived and those who died on the basis of whether they survived after 28 days. Demographic and clinical parameters were collected. Multivariate logistic regression was performed. Results Sixty-nine (43.7%) patients died within 28 days after admission to the intensive care unit. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the oxygenation index (odds ratio [OR]: 0.979, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.970-0.989), acute kidney injury (OR: 4.787, 95% CI: 1.674-13.693), norepinephrine dose (OR: 1.706, 95% CI: 1.375-2.117), and abdominopelvic cavity infection (OR: 0.257, 95% CI: 0.076-0.866) were significantly associated with mortality within 28 days after admission in patients with sepsis-related myocardial injury. Conclusions Patients with sepsis-related myocardial injury have a high mortality rate. A high oxygenation index, occurrence of acute kidney injury, high norepinephrine dose, and occurrence of abdominopelvic cavity infection are independent risk factors for 28-day mortality in patients with sepsis-related myocardial injury.