Objectives: Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) remains a rare tumor, although its incidence is increasing. The surgical outcome and prognostic factors of ICC are not fully understood. This study aimed to examine surgical outcomes for patients and prognostic factors for survival in patients with ICC. Patients and methods: We retrospectively studied 114 patients with ICC who underwent hepatectomy from January 2001 to December 2012 at the Hepatobiliary Surgery Center, Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China. Survival outcomes were analyzed using Cox hazard models and the Kaplan-Meier method. Results: Genarally, of the 114 patients, median age was 56.3 years, and 53.1% were male. Most patients (74.7%) had a solitary tumor, and median tumor size was 5.92 cm. Patients were treated with an extended hepatectomy, a hemihepatectomy (180 [35.0%]), or a minor liver resection. 87.9% of patients underwent R0 resection, and 35.7% of patients had N1 disease. For prognosis, using backward selection of clinically relevant variables, lymph node metastases (hazard ratio [HR]: 3.887; P = 0.033), vascular invasion (HR: 2.848; P = 0.046), multiple tumors (HR: 7.069; P = 0.001), elevated preoperative CA19-9 level (HR: 4.165; P = 0.006) were selected as factors predictive of survival. Conclusions: Predictive factors, including lymph node metastases, vascular invasion, multiple tumors, and an elevated preoperative CA19-9 level were associated with poor survival.