Objectives: To laparoscopically compare the effectiveness of 2 cooling devices for renal hypothermia and investigate the feasibility of laparoscopic orthotopic kidney transplant using a pig model. Materials and Methods: Eight pigs were divided into 2 groups of 4 animals each. Laparoscopic nephrectomy and autotransplant were performed first on only the right kidney. One week later, these procedures were performed on the left kidney, while the first transplanted autograft was removed. After 1 more week, the left autograft was removed for observation. In 1 group, the silicon tube cage was used to induce hypothermia during laparoscopic orthotopic kidney transplant (silicon tube cage group), and in the other group, the plastic bag jacket was used to induce hypothermia during laparoscopic orthotopic kidney transplant (plastic bag jacket group). Results: Two pigs in the silicon tube cage group survived for 7 days after the second autotransplant with serum creatinine levels of 210 mu mol/L and 1010 mu mol/L. One pig in the plastic bag jacket group survived for 5 days. The mean surface temperature of the grafts was maintained at 9 degrees C +/- 3 degrees C and 12 degrees C +/- 3 degrees C in the silicon tube cage and plastic bag jacket groups (P = .166). Three of 6 plastic bag jacket devices were ruptured by stitches or instruments. The mean venous and arterial anastomotic times in the silicon tube cage group were significantly shorter than were those in the plastic bag jacket group. Conclusions: Our study shows that the silicon tube cage may be a reliable renal cooling device for use in laparoscopic kidney transplant and indicates the feasibility of laparoscopic orthotopic kidney transplant in pigs.