Background: To investigate the value of the standard deviation of the fundamental frequency (F-0 SD), jitter, and shimmer for the evaluation of voice quality and the description of vocal characteristics in patients with voice disorders. Methods: This prospective cohort study included 4 groups: vocal cord polyps (VCP) group (n=55), early-stage (stage I-II) laryngeal carcinoma (ELC) group (n=35), mutational falsetto (MF) group (n=17), and a normal control group (n=29). The participants were asked to emit a sustained vowel /a/ and raise the pitch gradually. Acoustic parameters, including F-0, F0SD, jitter, and shimmer, were recorded and analyzed. Results: The F0SD was highest in the MF group. The F0SD in the MF group and the ELC group was significantly higher than that in the VCP group and the control group (P<0.05), and the F0SD in the VCP group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P<0.05). However, there was no significant difference in F0SD between the MF group and the ELC group (P>0.05). The jitter and shimmer in the ELC group were significantly higher compared to the other groups (P<0.05), and the jitter and shimmer in the VCP group were significantly higher than those in the MF group and the control group (P<0.05). There were no significant differences in jitter or shimmer between the MF group and the control group (P>0.05). Conclusions: F0SD, jitter, and shimmer are important parameters for the evaluation of pitch variation during sustained phonations, and can discriminate between MF and voice disorders.