单位：[1]Department of Radiation Oncology, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 101100, China[2]Department of Radiation Oncology, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210009, China[3]Center for Statistical Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China[4]Department of Radiation Oncology, Howard University, Washington, DC 20060, USA[5]Department of Radiation Oncology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, China[6]Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
Simple Summary Immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) has become a major treatment for lung cancer. Better understanding of the tumor immune micro-environment (TIME) in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is urgently needed to better treat it with this type of therapy. In this review, we describe and explore how NSCLC's TIME relates to response to ICB, as well as how to treat those with unresponsive types of TIME, which will significantly impact future research in lung cancer immunotherapy. Immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) with checkpoint inhibitors has led to significant and durable response in a subset of patients with advanced stage EGFR and ALK wild-type non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). This has been consistently shown to be correlated with the unique characteristics of each patient's tumor immune micro-environment (TIME), including the composition and distribution of the tumor immune cell infiltrate; the expression of various checkpoints by tumor and immune cells, such as PD-L1; and the presence of various cytokines and chemokines. In this review, the classification of various types of TIME that are present in NSCLC and their correlation with response to ICB in NSCLC are discussed. This is conducted with a focus on the characteristics and identifiable biomarkers of different TIME subtypes that may also be used to predict NSCLC's clinical response to ICB. Finally, treatment strategies to augment response to ICB in NSCLC with unresponsive types of TIME are explored.
基金：
China's National Key RD Program [2020YFA0712400]; Shanghai Municipal Science and Technology Major Project [2017SHZDZX01]; Advisory Board of AstraZenecaAstraZeneca; Bristol Myers SquibbBristol-Myers Squibb; GenentechRoche HoldingGenentech; Executive/Steering Committee of Genentech; NovartisNovartis
第一作者单位：[1]Department of Radiation Oncology, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 101100, China[2]Department of Radiation Oncology, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210009, China
通讯作者：
通讯机构：[1]Department of Radiation Oncology, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 101100, China[2]Department of Radiation Oncology, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210009, China
推荐引用方式(GB/T 7714)：
Alexander Chi,Xia He,Lin Hou,et al.Classification of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer's Tumor Immune Micro-Environment and Strategies to Augment Its Response to Immune Checkpoint Blockade[J].CANCERS.2021,13(12):doi:10.3390/cancers13122924.
APA：
Alexander Chi,Xia He,Lin Hou,Nam P. Nguyen,Guangying Zhu...&Jay M. Lee.(2021).Classification of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer's Tumor Immune Micro-Environment and Strategies to Augment Its Response to Immune Checkpoint Blockade.CANCERS,13,(12)
MLA：
Alexander Chi,et al."Classification of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer's Tumor Immune Micro-Environment and Strategies to Augment Its Response to Immune Checkpoint Blockade".CANCERS 13..12(2021)
