Background The Microplasty (MP) instrumentation designed for the Phase III Oxford mobile-bearing unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) system is considered a better option to achieve more accurate component positioning and alignment. In the present study, we focused on short-term clinical and radiological outcomes to determine whether the MP instrumentation can reduce the short-term revision rate and occurrence of outliers of metallic components. Methods The literature in PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, and Web of Science was searched up to May 2020. Studies were scrutinized by two independent authors, and the revision rate, complication spectrum, and radiological assessment with outlier rates were specifically analyzed. RevMan 5.3 was used for the statistical analysis. Results Seven studies were included in the meta-analysis. Four studies reported both clinical and radiological outcomes, two reported only radiological outcomes, and one reported only clinical outcomes. The pooled analysis showed that the revision rate in the MP instrumentation group was 0.866 per 100 component years, while that in the control group was 1.124 (odds ratio, 0.77;p< 0.05). The subgroup analysis of the bearing dislocation rate showed a significantly greater reduction in the Korean population than in the populations of other countries (p< 0.05). The radiological assessment showed that the alignment of the femoral component was significantly improved (p< 0.05), while that of the tibial component was not (p> 0.05). Conclusion The newly developed MP instrumentation for Oxford UKA significantly reduced the revision rate of this treatment. The positioning of the femoral component was also proven to be better by radiological assessments.